"In the following directives I have no praise for you, for your meetings do more harm than good. In the first place, I hear that when you come together as a church, there are divisions among you, and to some extent I believe it.No doubt there have to be differences among you to show which of you have God’s approval. So then, when you come together, it is not the Lord’s Supper you eat, for when you are eating, some of you go ahead with your own private suppers. As a result, one person remains hungry and another gets drunk. Don’t you have homes to eat and drink in? Or do you despise the church of God by humiliating those who have nothing? What shall I say to you? Shall I praise you? Certainly not in this matter!"1Cor: 11:17-22
In the Greco-Roman world in which the early Church emerged, and the Holy Scriptures were written, there were many cultural customs and practices which the people of the day followed.
The cultural practices of the day influenced
their daily lives, often without any thought as to what or why people
followed many of these practices; and some of them have found their way in
and among Christians fellowships even in our day.
The Roman dining practice of dividing guest
at social occasions was often used, unfortunately, even
among Christians during times of fellowship and even at the very Table of the
Lord where Christians were meant to be able to be “as one” and to find
themselves accepted as part of the greater body of Church.
"Echeloned Society"
The practice, which was prevalent
among even Christians, was, that of an "echeloned society" which
was driven by social status. This "echeloned society" kept
persons "in their place" and spoke volumes regarding
their relationship with those around them and their place with in the greater
community of the times. It was a very station and class-conscious world. (even as it is today)
This "echeloned society" shackled
persons into a divided world dictated by economic realities, rich poor,
free and slave, included and excluded. It was very difficult for a person
of that time to find a means of upward social mobility.
Echeloned Social Events
This “echelon" of
relationship(s) would manifest itself in the social events of the day,
when a "person of station" within the community would hold
a social occasion there would be a decided "echelon" of
status among the guest in relation to the person who hosted the
gathering.
This "echelon" of
relationship(s) would divide the guest(s) into groups; those who were of a
lesser social "echelon" found themselves
confined to a rather un-opulent part of the house hold or dining hall away from
the host with little or no direct contact with the host aside from a brief
ceremonial greeting, that at least to, some extent, acknowledged that these
guests had come to the occasion.
This confined common
gathering area, in which the "lesser social
echeloned" guest(s) were to congregate, was called
the atrium and was often bland and minimally
adorned, there would be no or few furnishings, maybe an uncomfortable
communal bench or some small chairs.
These "lesser social echelon guest “often found themselves standing in
the atrium while they dined rather than reclining or
sitting at a table, and they often ate at a later time, after the
more important guest had been served, and some of the guest , did not
get to eat at all.
The "lesser social echeloned" guest(s)
found themselves often kept waiting to be served, and were often directed to
the nearest exit after they had eaten. They, as well, were discouraged
from wondering out of this area to explore other areas of the gathering,
and they found themselves excluded.
The quality of the food and libations as well
as the attentiveness of the service to these "lesser" guest(s),
was in stark contrast to that of the guest(s) of higher "social echelon" who enjoyed a greater
quality social and dining experience.
Higher Echelon
These more" important guest(s)" were escorted into the
presence of the gatherings host, who would be seated in room or garden
setting. This place of reception was called the triclinium, this
"triclinium”, which would be well appointed and
adorned.
These "important guest(s)” had
their names announced publicly and shown to a place(s) of honor where they
were able to recline in comfort on plush couches at a table laden
with the highest quality food and libations. These important guests could
dine to their contentment often to excess.
This place of honor was separate from
the "lesser guest(s)" which emphasized the
distinctness of the social "echelons" of
the day.
At The Lord's Table
This "echeloned" society
in which the people lived in, and still live in, unfortunately found its way
even into the Church. This divided Roman dining practice came to manifest
itself at the Table of the Lord among the Christians in the Greek city of
Corinth and served to divide the fellowship of those Christians into
social "echelons”.
This issue became such a problem that the
Apostle St. Paul had to deal with in his Epistle to the Corinthian Church.
"In the following directives I
have no praise for you, for your meetings do more harm than good. In the first
place, I hear that when you come together as a church, there are divisions
among you, and to some extent I believe it. No doubt there have to be
differences among you to show which of you have God’s approval. So then, when
you come together, it is not the Lord’s Supper you eat, for when you are
eating, some of you go ahead with your own private suppers. As a result, one
person remains hungry and another gets drunk. Don’t you have homes to eat and
drink in? Or do you despise the church of God by humiliating those who have
nothing? What shall I say to you? Shall I praise you? Certainly not in this
matter!" 1Cor: 11:17-22
This Roman dining practice was
dividing the Church at the very place where the greatest unity and place
of inclusion of all should have been manifested at the Communion supper
at the table of the Lord.
The Lord's table was intended to bring
Christians together as one in Jesus, all fully included and wanted, yet the
Corinth Christians were flouting their social "echelons" and
excluding those who hand little means to change their station in life or had
little means.
This brought a sense of humiliation to some of
the "poorer" Church members and created the impression
that some Christians belong to a lesser "atrium" within
the fellowship of the Church. While others , could be accounted to dining in the "triclinium" as honored
guest, inferring that they had greater access to the host of the occasion
which is in truth ,Jesus Christ himself.
They were viewing their social "echelon" as some sort of material evidence
of God's favor residing upon them and that the lower social "echelon" was somehow less favored by
God, yet, their behavior at the Lord's table was unseemly for those who
claim such statues and caused division among the Church.
"No doubt there have to be differences
among you to show which of you have God’s approval"
These Christians were, and,
unfortunately are, missing the point of coming to the Lord's table. It is not a
place of self-advancement for their own purposes yet this is how some of them
viewed it.
"So then, when you come
together, it is not the Lord’s Supper you eat, for when you are eating, some of
you go ahead with your own private suppers"
St. Paul states that this division was being
reported and that some were not exercising self-control in their uses of
wine and food this reflected the self-serving nature of their thinking.
"I hear that when you come together as a
church, there are divisions among you”, "As a result, one person
remains hungry and another gets drunk."
Not At the Lord's Table
St. Paul contexts the Corinth Church' s division
to a lack spiritual discernment regarding just who the Church truly belongs,
that the Church is not just a social fellowship but a gathering of those who
are in fellowship with the great God thru Jesus.
St. Paul is moved to corrects this
division as immature behavior, and is not praise worthy among
Christians, as it is among the world and should not be found when
Christians gather together at the Lord's Table.
"Or do you despise the church of God by
humiliating those who have nothing? What shall I say to you? Shall I praise
you? Certainly not in this matter!"
The Purpose of the Supper
St. Paul begins to remind them, and all of us,
the true purpose and the nature of the Lord's supper, that it is to point
us ever to Jesus Christ and all that Jesus has accomplished for us,
and all that Lord is for us.
The Lord's table is to encourage us to
live in constant remembrance of Jesus, that is, not just recounting the past
but an ongoing remembrance, or awareness of Jesus.
"For I received from the Lord what I also passed on to you: The Lord Jesus, on the night he was betrayed, took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it and said, “This is my body, which is for you; do this in remembrance of me.” In the same way, after supper he took the cup, saying, “This cup is the new covenant in my blood; do this, whenever you drink it, in remembrance of me.” For whenever you eat this bread and drink this cup, you proclaim the Lord’s death until he comes."(23-26)
St. Paul is not just speaking of what had
happened in the past, but St. Paul is telling them, (those who believed that they had God's approval as evidenced by
their perceived social "echelon”, and all of us,) that we
are all in need of Jesus, that we could not save ourselves regardless as
to where we believe ourselves to be in the social "echelon”. We are all equally in need of Jesus.
St. Paul, then cautions all Christians to
approach the table of the Lord as no mere social occasion, but rather, to
see it for what it is, or acknowledgment of humanities inability to save it's
self regardless of who we might think we are.
The Table of the Lord is the great equalizer
of all humanity that breaks down the social "echelons" that humanity
has erected and divides us apart and relegates some to lesser status.
As One, the Self of God
Jesus wants us to care for one another as
members of the body of Christ and to one another as he and the Father is one.
Jesus did not view the Father as being separate from himself in the way we
normally think of it. Jesus is the "self of God”, if Jesus is not the
"self of God", God could not reveal himself in Jesus. Jesus
wants this "oneness" for all of us as well, and
Jesus prayed such just before his death.
"I pray also for those who will believe
in me through their message, that all of them may be one,
Father, just as you are in me and I am in you."Jhn:17:20b-21
Jesus does not want us to see each other
as separate from one another. Some of the Corinthian Christians saw the
others as just that, "others", not a part
of them, they were not seeing Jesus as the one by whom this unity would come
into our lives which would have transformed them and their behavior
reflected this oneness.
Some of these Christians, however, did
not rightly discern the Lord's Body, that is the other members of the Church,
who they were humiliating by their actions of segregating them to a lesser
station reflected in their area of dinning.
"For those who eat and drink without
discerning the body of Christ eat and drink judgment on themselves" (29)
The Lord's Body
St. Paul warns each and all Christians to
approach the Lord's table with reverence and honor, a lesser mindset could
bring problems upon us. Jesus, has made it possible for us all to come together
as one in full recognition of who Jesus is and who we are in
him.
When we Christians come to the Lord's table,
we are acknowledging who Jesus is and who we are in him. St. Paul wants us to
reflect upon this truth each time we come together at the Lord's able, and all
times.
"So then, whoever eats the bread or
drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty of sinning
against the body and blood of the Lord. Everyone ought to examine themselves
before they eat of the bread and drink from the cup. For those who eat and
drink without discerning the body of Christ eat and drink judgment on
themselves. That is why many among you are weak and sick, and a number of you
have fallen asleep. But if we were more discerning with regard to ourselves, we
would not come under such judgment." (27-31)
St. Paul tells Christians that we need to
assemble in full acceptance of one another and not to look upon others as “less
than ourselves”, but see us all Christians
as having a place of high honor with one another, St. Paul calls this "eat together" meaning more than just being
at a common location but rather it is unity in fellowship.
"Nevertheless, when we are judged in this
way by the Lord, we are being disciplined so that we will not be finally
condemned with the world. So then, my brothers and sisters, when you
gather to eat, you should all eat together. Anyone who is hungry should
eat something at home, so that when you meet together it may not result in
judgment”. (32-34)
The Accessible Host
In the Roman dining culture, the host was
removed from most of the guest who attended their social occasions, or had very
limited access to them. Jesus, however, is the accessible host of his
supper. Jesus welcomes any and all equally to his table and walks among
his guest and assures each of them of their honored place as his
guest at his table and provides and offers freely to us all with the very best.
Our Lord Jesus has called us all, to be
guest at his table where we are wanted and included. Here is a place for
any and all who will but come and share in the joyous fellowship at the
Table of the Lord.
Benediction: May we each join together as one at the
table of our Lord, today, tomorrow and forevermore. Amen.
Rev.Todd Crouch, Norman, Oklahoma
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